Immigration has played a significant role in shaping the growth and development of urban cities within America. Kaplan, Wheeler & Holloway (2004) expand on this idea in Chapter 11 of their work, Urban Geography. The authors hypothesize that immigration is largely responsible for the reconfiguration, shaping and expansion of many major metropolitan cities in the United States, Canada and other outlying regions. The authors support this fact using statistics and geographical maps of the U.S. and major cities in Canada. Had the immigrants not populated many coastal cities in the United States and elsewhere, the country may not have the flavor of diversity it has today especially among urban dwellers. The authors introduce the concept of urban geography, and note how the development and evolution of the American Urban system came about largely because of the influx of immigrants into major Metropolitan cities. The authors demonstrate the distribution of immigrants in various metropolit

Gravity is one of the forces of nature that can be said to be a i¿½fundamental as well as universal force of naturei¿½, which, according to scientists, is one of the four forces of nature, namely, strong, weak, electromagnetic and gravitational. Physicists, to date have not been able to form a single formula that would explain all these forces of which gravity is one, as one single law. However, it is a fact that physicists have formulated a formula that mentions weak and electromagnetic forces, or in other words, the electroweak force. The other stronger gravitational forces have not been explained, however, with this theory. (i¿½Fundamental Forcesi¿½, n. d.) Gravity can be explained as an attractive force between all matters, and is considered to be one of the weaker forces. The reason why gravity is a weak force of nature is that its gravitational force depends upon the mass of the objects. For example, it is only when the object has a large mass that the attraction is larg

It is many times assumed that change is inevitable at the level of any product, this being one of the basic guarantees given by the marketing specialists for it's surviving on the market. Webster defines seven reasons for the change that occurs for a product: the need for difference, when the change is minor, the wish to give a completely different form or appearance, when the change is major, because a change had already occurred and there is need for another one, in order to shape the characteristics of another change, because there is need of adopting another strategy, because it is requested an adjustment of the primary strategy or, last but not least, because it is requested to keep a certain product up to date and adopt it to the continually changing market requests1. Havi

Ali M. Ansari's book Confronting Iran (2006) is especially timely given the current discussion of Iran and its future and concerns about what the U.S. may do to prevent Iran from getting a nuclear weapon and becoming a much greater threat. Of course, also in the news is the recent National Intelligence Estimate (NIE) stating that Iran is not the immediate threat President Bush has been implying it is and that Iran ended its nuclear program several years ago. None of this means that Iran is not a threat or that a confrontation with Iran would not be the sort of devastating action critics believe it might be. Ansari considers the nature of Western diplomacy in the region primarily form 1953 to the present and suggests a number of reasons for the failure he discusses. For the first two decades or so, relations were good enough because the country was under the rule of the Shah, rule that was largely imposed by the West. This rule also created great resentment among the popu

Human rights are nowadays widely considered to be the new trend in the evolution of international law. The focus has now shifted on the means to achieve a proper protection system that would allow citizens and people in general to benefit from their inherited rights as human beings. Nonetheless, despite continuous efforts to improve the system, there are still a great number of questions to be unanswered and discussions over the exact means to ensure protection are vivid among scholars, policy makers, and legal advisers alike. The United States Alien Tort Claim Act of 1789 is considered to be one of the most innovative pieces of legislation in the area of human rights protection. According to the Human Rights Watch "no other country has a law quite like it" (2003), taking into account that it offers a legal opportunity for foreigners to file suit against perpetrators considered to have committed serious breaches of human rights. The novelty of this piece of legislation howe

The purpose of this paper is to introduce, discuss, and analyze the poem "Gunga Din" by Rudyard Kipling. Specifically it will discuss the representation of the man as well as stereotyping by the author. "Gunga Din" is one of Rudyard Kipling's most well-known and beloved poems, although today it might seem tainted with prejudice and racial slurs. At the time it was written, at the turn of the twentieth century, it was a step forward in ethnic literature, and brought the plight of the subjugated Indian people to light. Prejudice cannot exist without stereotyping and misunderstanding, and this poem contains both. Nevertheless, it is still a classic representative of the ideals and morals of another time. Throughout this classic poem, the author represents Gunga Din as a dark-skinned Indian servant, not worthy of even a uniform, who tirelessly serves the British troops without question or complaint. In the 1890s and beyond, this attitude about colonial subjects permeated imperialist

Joyce Carol Oates created a very provocative and interesting character when she created CONNIE in her well-known short story, Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? Sexual imagery, sexual dreams, innocence and a hormone-driven desire for sexual intercourse – all these elements help Connie survive her lonely experiences, and why not? Indeed, what is a young woman to do when seemingly trapped in an environment that practically enslaves her emotionally and physically? Connie, the protagonist, is a lot like Cinderella. She has a mother who is unloving and jealous of her sexuality. Connie is only 15, a typical American girl, pretty but very innocent and very beaten down by family and circumstances. One of Connie's biggest battles is with her mother and sisters. Her mother constantly reminds Connie that her older sister June does everything right and Connie does nothing right. June "...saved money and helped clean the house and cooked and Connie couldn't do a thing" because her mind was filled with "trashy daydreams" (Oates 1967, p. 450). Her mother was jealous because her mother "...

Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) is a tool that ensures timely and cost-effective equipment repair. It can be used in all businesses, including offices, but is particularly useful in the manufacturing sector. History TPM was first introduced by American consultants in Japan and is an offshoot of TQM1 The Japanese adopted and developed the concept and began teaching the TPM in other countries including the U.S. in the 1970s TPM has since then developed into a valuable tool for effective planned maintenance, reducing down time, and saving of time, energy and money. Implementing a TPM Program The success of a TPM program depends on commitment by the top management and a total team ef

The concept of supply and demand is one of the fundamental notions with which the economic theory and the free market in practice operates. Starting with Adam Smith and his theory of the invisible hand that regulates the market, the free market economy has used the demand and supply concept to argue the fact that the market had inner self-regulatory capacities and that it could use these to correct any potential irregularities on the market. Exceptions to this rule were few in history and they most often occurred to cover other issues than the purely economical ones, such as social issues. In these cases, the state artificially intervened to make amends to changes in the market and to stimulate either supply or demand of currency, commodities or other entities on the market. The general concept of supply and demand is that these two notions are essential in correctly allocating resources in a market economy1 and, on the other hand, incorrectly forming the price for a certain commo

The late twentieth century was a time of great turmoil in racial relations within the United States. Riots broke out in Los Angeles after the beating of Rodney King, and racial profiling was at an all time high with the LAPD's implementation of the CRASH force in a feeble attempt to rid Los Angeles of gangs. Cornel West's work "Waiting" is an example of the everyday occurrences in an overtly racist culture. He eventually pushes the negative events he went through out of his mind through remembering the rich heritage of his own culture, a reaction which has been prominent since slavery and the early eras of blues and jazz music. What Americans have seen in the turning of the twenty first century is this being twisted to serve a more detrimental purpose than a healing one. After Rap and Hip Hop were commercialized through over-saturation in mainstream culture, many whites have attached themselves to these new movements without fully understanding how they came about and the years of suffering which led to their birth. "Waiting" is actually a section from Cornel West's 1995 book Race Matters which explored American racism. In this p

The young and relatively thin Anne needs a workout routine that givers her great cardio, endurance and strength for skiing, along with some different aspects. She needs all these things for about forty-five minutes, two to three times a week. She wants to build endurance for skiing, so Anne would need to build a routine on a high intensity model. The fact that she has so little time is also a reason she would focus on more high intensity routines. Alternating routines would give Anne the best cardio work out mixed with leg training she needs to improve her skiing. She needs to focus on strengthening her quadriceps, thigh and hamstring muscles along with her knees to improve her skiing performance. The analysis of Anne's workout needs to focus not only on endurance, but her leg strength as well. A series of regulated leg stretches and exercises are necessary to reach Anne's ultimate goal. In order to keep her in her target heart range a

Renaissance Humanism is the intellectual movement that began in Italy in the fourteenth century and lasted roughly until the second half of the seventeenth century. The main characteristic of this movement was, in the first place, a departure from medieval philosophy, with its superstitions and the restrictions imposed on the mind and the actions of man. The Renaissance still kept the idea of the world as a divine hierarchy in which each being or thing has its fixed place, but also evinced a return to the secular philosophy of the classical antiquity with an emphasis on the unlimited capacities of man as the only rational being in the universe. Thus, the Renaissance humanism exploited the belief in man as the image of God himself. Human virtues and especially reason were promoted as the central to the world of Renaissance. Shakespeare blends in his works elements of medieval philosophy and Renaissance humanism. In Hamlet's monologues we find the core of the Renaissance humanism

Aaron Burr Jr. (1757-1836), American politician, Revolutionary War hero, adventurer, and the third Vice-President of the United States is one of the most enigmatic characters in the early American history. His distinguished ancestry1, unquestioned courage, and brilliant mind saw him rise quickly to a position of political prominence and he came within a hair-breadth of occupying the highest office in the country; when both he and Thomas Jefferson got an equal number of electoral votes in the Presidential election of 1800. His character defects, however, brought about his equally precipitous downfall as he managed to antagonize some of the most influential persons of the time; fought an infamous duel with the brilliant Federalist politician, Alexander Hamilton, which resulted in the latter's death; and hatched a conspiracy to separate the newly acquired Western territories from the Union. Although acquitted in the ensuing treason trial, he will always be remembered as a villain. Th

The Islamization of Africa started around the seventh century with the military conquests in Egypt led by Arabic armies and spread over the western part of the continent during the next five hundred years, reaching Morocco. Islam brought major changes at all levels of society in North and West Africa, at first, and to the the rest of the continent along the centuries, till today. Christian Egypt was the first country that knew islamization, after the death of Mohammad, around 639 C E, through the Arab armies and also through the Arab merchants that brought along scholars. These were wise men that taught the newly conquered people the Arab language and also gave advice to their leaders. They needed guidance in economic and political related matters and the Arabs came with their knowledge and organization due to the new faith that also established new rules and forms of governing. The faith of Islam was successful in conquering the people in Egypt and further, during the next fi

Whole classroom How did you learn to speak? Did you learn sitting at a desk, carefully memorizing a standard formula of how to produce sounds? Or did you learn to do so by unselfconsciously producing sound, without worrying about every single syllable? This suggests that the best way to teach literacy instruction is to immerse the student in a reading-friendly environment. It should be a literacy-based curriculum, rather than one that simply stresses the principles of phonics and grammar. Ideally, the room should be filled with posters and other visual aids that encourage reading. Show-and-Tell can incorporate elements of reading if students are asked to bring in current event articles that they find interesting to present to the class. The teacher can read aloud more difficult texts to the students, to familiarize the children with words they will soon encounter in print. As well as reading and responding to questions, students should be required to compose simple essays. To m

1. Compare and contrast Hinduism and Buddhism's feminist theories/thoughts. Feminism has an assorted anthology of communal theories based in part by different political revolutions and ethical beliefs, which is largely influenced by the practice propensity of women as regarded in distinction of female social, political and monetary position. Within the definitive ideological feminist movement, feminism principally focuses on the restriction or abolishment of gender discrimination in collaboration with the promotion of women's civil rights, welfare, and societal matters. Most feminist sects center on addressing gender inequalities that oppress the proliferation and outright progression of women as a group or individual. In terms of the feminist movement, as compared through the Hindu and Buddhist faith, there is much differentiation in the structure. However, many similarities exist in a considered manner of paralleling one another's implemented womanist religiosity. In the Hind

This paper describes the structure and economics of the Andean cocaine industry. In addition, an analysis of the Medllin and Cli cartels will be given. And, the economic significance of the cocaine industry for the Andean economies will be discussed.

The author notes that "the most startling and intense aspect of today's China" is the proliferation of manufacturing facilities that employ a substantial number of the nation's billion-plus population. Affecting the visual and cultural landscape of China, factories are a glaring reminder of China's social, cultural, and economic evolution. In terms of sheer scale, factories employ about one-fifth of China's population. Dependency on factory jobs profoundly impacts the lives of hundreds of millions of people. Moreover, the blossoming of large-scale fa

The purpose of this paper is to examine the disadvantages of socialized healthcare, especially concerning its implementation in the United States as compared to what other countries are currently experiencing. Socialized healthcare is a hot topic currently being discussed in the news and many Congressional members of both parties are studying the feasibility of using such a system in the United States. Much of this discussion has come about due to the ever-increasing cost of such care and the aging of the American population. Projected demographics also show that the problem will continue to be serious for the next several decades. Companies that formerly offered healthcare and insurance benefits are now being faced with these high and rising costs and many are cutting back or terminating their coverage. Socialized healthcare has not been an effective or efficient solution, however, in other countries. Many experts believe that socialized healthcare has been the cause

The war in Iraq is viewed as being one of the most controversial decisions of the US foreign policy of the last decade. There have been numerous discussions over the morality of the intervention on a sovereign territory, without the agreement of the United Nations and, in the end, without a plausible reason for attack. Nonetheless, by 2003, the US led coalition had entered Iraq under the argument of the existence of the weapons of mass destruction. Still, to this day, it is a rather questionable issue the actual existence of the weapons; therefore, there is no full legitimacy of the intervention in a sovereign country. In relation to the military reason invoked by the proponents of the war in Iraq, the terrorist threat was also a disturbing aspect that had to be dealt with at the time. Therefore, the quest against the Al Qaeda network became the centerpiece of the military and political endeavors since the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Nonetheless, in the American democratic system, the app

McIntosh describes 'white privilege' as "an invisible package of unearned assets that I can count on cashing in each day, but about which I was "meant" to remain oblivious. White privilege is like an invisible weightless knapsack of special provisions, maps, passports, codebooks, visas, clothes, tools , and blank checks" (qtd. "White Privilege"). It is a certain advantage, given solely due to skin color, that gives privileges to the dominant group members, Whites, while creating disadvantages for the minority members that they must reckon with as functional members of society. As male are carefully taught not to recognize male privilege, so McIntosh insists that she too was taught not to recognize white privilege. Yet, careful introspection results in the recognition of many key points that highlight the power of white privilege, a power that is not earned, but simply a birthright given due to race, much as male privilege is given simply because a child is born

Affirmative action was developed in an attempt to further the natural and unforeseen effects of racial discrimination that have existed in both subtle and overt ways in this nation since its inception. Racial division, overt segregation, and subtle racially driven policies and practices have been oppressive to minorities and have created object disenfranchisement, especially about education and employment opportunities. Affirmative action attempts to ensure the proportionate placement of racial minorities and, in some cases, women in positions of opportunity by allowing racial and gender information to be used as a criterion for enrollment in education programs and government jobs or government contracts. The programs were set in place to advance minorities to a place where the programs were not needed. While some argue that they are still very much needed, others say that they are antiquated and create opportunities for discrimination of other sorts. (Kivel) John Shimkus, R. Ill., ac

The central focus of this investigation is to develop and evaluate a new social welfare program that can be used to improve outcomes for social discourse. Although current research demonstrates that there are a host of social issues that must be addressed to improve American society, a careful review of current data suggests that efforts to alleviate poverty are among the most pertinent. Alleviation of poverty could lead to the development of a fully functioning society in which all individuals are capable of achieving a high quality of life. For this reason, the proposed social welfare program for this investigation is an intensive job training program to help one of society's most vulnerable populations-single heads of households. Mead (1992), in his review of data on poverty in America, notes that "Today's poor are mainly found among female-headed families and single adults" (p. 9). Mead goes on to argue that because of the heads, in most cases, mothers of single headed households

Abstract The human respiratory system is a complex system involving the coordination of organs with different structural, functional and defensive mechanisms. The high costs and the high fatality rates associated with chronic respiratory disorders require some serious rethinking in our approach to managing the problem. It transpires that the maxim 'prevention is better than cure' is very apt in the management of respiratory disorders. Smoking is identified as the single most important cause for most of the serious respiratory problems including COPD and lung cancer, and hence abstaining from smoking eliminates the risk for the onset of several serious respiratory disorders. Introduction The human respiratory system is a well-developed and complex system involving many different organs such as the nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea and the lungs. Though the actual physiological function of breathing begins only at birth, the development of the respiratory tract, the diaph

English Literature – Creative Writing Assignment – Writing Advice The first year of college; a flurry of overwhelming and unfamiliar responsibilities coupled with the first true experiences of higher education and self-exploration. There is much to say in the way of providing advice for soon-to-be college freshmen, but perhaps a summary into specific categories can help to distinguish best - the absolutely imperative necessities of writing. Grammar and punctuation are, of course the foundations for a good beginning, but there exists a parallel of importance with the ability to capture ones own self-expressive viewpoints; as the college years are typically a standard time to bloom the prose for the individuality and self-discovery not only as a student, but also as a prominently capable societal figure. The college years, whether they stretch out to a mere two years or on into graduate school with lengths as long as 12 years, are suggestively opportunistic in the