In any modern and progressive society, the government, judiciary and citizens alike, work towards achieving justice to all individuals. This is widely evident given current movements in the areas of social welfare, elimination of all kinds of social discrimination, and protection of basic human rights to life and liberty. It is in the light of this context that one needs to examine whether the death penalty or capital punishment has any place in a social system that otherwise professes to be just and fair. While it is an undeniable truth that society must have an effective legal system in order to prevent crime and other unjust acts through holding out the threat of punishment, there is ample ground to question whether capital punishment is a just means of doing so. Indeed, as this paper will demonstrate, capital punishment has no place in a just and fair society and may, in fact, constitute a form of injustice. The only real perspective from which it can be

An assessment of whether capital punishment is justified in a modern, progressive and democratic society is best done within the context of the very purpose of the legal system. Legal systems were established in order to establish communities where citizens enjoyed a sense of social and psychological well being, free from the fear of being potential victims of various forms of economic, social and criminal injustices. Leading from this, proponents of capital punishment (Retentionists) believe that such extreme measures are needed in order that society puts in place effective deterrents that protect innocent and honest citizens from being victimized by criminal elements in society. However, a review of the effects of capital punishment as a deterrent not only fails to corroborate the theory of such Retentionists, but leads to a possible case to question whether capital punishment has any place at all in a society where the very objective of the legal system is to brin

The purpose of this paper is to introduce, discuss, and analyze the book "The Catcher in the Rye," by J. D. Salinger. Specifically, it will present an analytical discourse using Narrative Intentions as the critical instrument. Narrative Intentions fill this novel with pathos and a sense of pervading doom hovering around Holden Caulfield throughout the book. Holden must find himself, reach an apocalypse, and then discover who he is as he moves through the pages of this novel, and he does. However, who he is may never be who he wants to be, and that is the tragedy facing Holden, and many of us.

Arthur Miller's play (and book) Death of a Salesman is somewhat hard to follow in spots where it becomes difficult to separate Willy Loman's fantasy world from his reality. It is, however, one of the greatest plays available to watch or to read, and Miller's genius really comes through in the characters and what they go through during the story. The purpose of this paper is to utilize five different sources to analyze this story, and to show how different parts of the story are looked at in different ways. Death of a Salesman has been reviewed quite extensively in books, in journals, and on the Internet. One of these reviews discusses how Loman suffers so greatly as he sees himself and his family slip into ruin. He believed that his family was destined for greatness, but eventually he places all his hope in his children, who also fail him. This is the last straw for Willy, because he finally realizes that nothing he and his family does will ever be good en

F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel, The Great Gatsby, reveals much about the waste and wealth of America in the "roaring twenties." Through Jay Gatsby, Fitzgerald weaves a tale of excess and passion that leads to the destruction of the human soul. Gatsby, a self-made millionaire embodies the exorbitance of this era and pays the ultimate price. This paper will examine how the greed and endless desire of Jay Gatsby turned out to more than he could control despite his grandest efforts. Jay Gatsby is a complex character because he has admirable qualities and despicable qualities. We admire him because he able to attain the wealth he desired despite the fact that he came from a poor family. We dislike him because he was driven by greed and materialism. Gatsby is wealthy, no doubt, but he flaunts it in ways that are tasteless. We know from Nick that Gatsby went to great lengths to redefine himself. For example, we know that his real name is James Gatz and he was from an uns

F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel, The Great Gatsby, reveals much about the waste and wealth of America in the "roaring twenties." Through a cast of colorful characters, Fitzgerald weaves a tale of excess and passion that leads to the destruction of the human soul. Jay Gatsby, a self-made millionaire embodies the exorbitance of this era and pays the ultimate price. Tom and Daisy Buchanan illustrate how wealth and greed corrupt. Jay Gatsby is a complex character because he has admirable qualities and despicable qualities. We admire him because he able to attain the wealth he desired despite the fact that he came from a poor family. We dislike him because he was driven by greed and materialism. Gatsby is wealthy, no doubt, but he flaunts it in ways that are tasteless. We know from Nick that Gatsby went to great lengths to redefine himself. For example, we know that his real name is James Gatz and he was from an unsuccessful farm family in North Dakota. He changed his

The culture of the 21st century seems to be in a continuous change and its impact on youth education can no longer be ignored. Should education nowadays be a mixture of both formal and informal means' Does Renaissance painting and art, for example, have any meaning in today's educational curriculum' Should education be more close to youth culture by providing subject closer to their life experience, such as the hip-hop culture or graffiti art' The article An F for HIP HOP 101 by Heather Mac Donald tries to find answers to these questions by closely analyzing a new program developed in El Puente Academy for Peace and Justice, a public high school in Brooklyn where writing graffiti is just one of the classes taught in an attempt towards a new, more progressive and youth approachable education scheme. The Hip-Hop 101 course teaches, besides graffiti writing, deejaying, break- dancing and any other forms of contemporaneous youth culture. The reasons fo

Customer/Supplier Requirements: Baxter Healthcare Corporation In any organization profit and customer care go hand in hand to make a success of the endeavor. This is especially so in healthcare, where it is important to view the patient as a customer. Patients are the internal customers of the healthcare industry. According to Ragsdell (2002), three components are of primary importance when considering customers and suppliers in the healthcare industry. These are quality, cost and timely delivery. Thus, high quality healthcare, delivered in a timely manner and of affordable cost, should be delivered by hospitals. Below the ideals of quality, cost and timely delivery are considered in terms of Baxter Healthcare Corporation, a well-known medical supplier. Total Quality Management Quality is defined by Ragsdell (2002) as the long-term and consistent satisfactory performance not only of products, but also of services received by customers. In the

Thesis Statement Pakistan is an "Islamic Republic." 98% population of Pakistan are Muslims, therefore, Islam is the religion practiced by the majority. Over the last few years, a lot of criticism and disapproval has emerged against Islam especially in the western societies. Muslims are perceived to be extremists, fundamentalists and intolerant towards the western civilization and culture. Since majority of Pakistanis are Muslims, therefore, it will be a good idea to understand the Muslim faith and the practice of their rituals. This paper will underline and draw attention to the Holy Month of Ramazan. This ritual practice by the Muslims is said to evoke tolerance, brotherhood and other virtues that develop the human communication process and ethics of life.

The recent blackout this past August, in which a major portion of the northeastern coast of North America was without power for several hours, and some for a few days, was nothing short of astonishing. It engendered a lot of debate about regulation versus market forces with regards to the supplying and distribution of energy. Some are in favor of regulating the energy industry, whereas others believe that market forces should be allowed to dictate what happens. The argument between the two sides is an age-old debate and goes all the way

The South Bronx is the poorest congressional district in the United States; it lies on one end of a New York Subway line that within minutes traverses the richest congressional district in the country. These Third World conditions right in the United States are what author Jonathan Kozol hopes to bring to light in his book Amazing Grace. Specifically, Kozol focuses on the children of the South Bronx, children who struggle to survive, thrive, to find joy and spiritual connections amid the turmoil of the ghetto. Although nihilism, hopelessness, anger, and violence run rampant through the neighborhood, the children with whom Kozol speaks and befriends exhibit an "amazing grace." Kozol writes, "There are children in the poorest, most abandoned places who, despite the miseries and poisons that the world has pumped into their lives," appear cheerful (6). Racial segregation is one of the root causes of the problems in the South Bronx, and Kozol treats this issue and its concurre

Judy Blume's Are You There God' It's Me, Margaret has become a classic novel for preteen girls. Published in 1970, the book addresses the discomforts and confusions surrounding puberty and early adolescence. The central character of the novel, Margaret, has moved to a Farbrook, New Jersey from New York City. Her encounters with new girlfriends and her quest to fit in comprise the major plot structure of the novel. The young girls contend with pubescent physical and emotional changes, including budding breasts, first periods, and a new interest in cute boys. Moreover, religion plays a role in the story as a means of social group identification. Margaret has an innate, spontaneous, and personal relationship with God, with whom she communicates in times of need or stress. Her prayers, because they are unorthodox, stand in direct contrast to the organized religious structures in her new community as well as i

Indeed, there is a considerable rift between approaching a historical subject from either the perspective of an oral tradition of history or according to a more standard practice that privileges documentary evidence and historical fact over narrative, anecdote, and experience. Of course, there are reasons why one sort of history is often preferred over the other, and in the academy and other intellectual circles, the evidentiary tradition of history is generally preferred. Part of the reason for this is its ability to offer empirical verifiable truths that aren't subject to flawed recollection or narrative embellishment. Historical findings that are based on evidence and other sorts of factual information give us a the historical picture that, if incomplete, is, at least, relatively indisputable, and those moments of dispute can be arbitrated by the strength of other evidentiary claims. Nonetheless, although this process might offer empirical truths, there are some things it can't te

Writers seek inspiration from the world around them. The social novel is a particular example, since writers in these types of novels take pains to reflect the conditions of the world around them. This paper looks at examples of social novels, and how the writers used these reflections as a method of critique and to suggest ways to change.

Statement of the Problem Current statistics in the education marketplace show that a number of shifts are occurring. The president's "No Child will be Left Behind" act has demanded that schools raise their academic success rates, and lower the measured illiteracy and drop out rates in schools by the year 2005. Concurrently the thrust in the classroom is to integrate technology, including networked computers, scanners, digital cameras in order to teach student additional skills, over and above the traditional three "R's." This is creating a demand on the educational system to recover from poor performance, and increase the subject matter which is being taught at the same time, As a result, the teachers are being called upon to:
• Change their teaching style, to integrate technology
• Change their teaching materials, to include new subject matter
• Radically alter their perception of the educational culture from that of a dissemination of information t

During the 19th century, the field of social sciences has been introduced with the revolutionary ideas of a French social theorist in the person of Emile Durkheim, author of the well-known discourse on social integration and solidarity, "Suicide: A Study in Sociology." In this discourse, Durkheim illustrates suicide as a phenomenon where the process of social integration and disintegration is evident. Using the scientific method tradition in studying this phenomenon, Durkheim posits that "social structures of high intensity prevent the individual from killing him/herself" (Collins, 1994:184). He uses both sociology and anthropology in illustrating this point, and other viewpoints regarding the issue of social integration and disintegration in his discussion of the suicide phenomenon. In proving his stance that social solidarity plays an essential role as a process that encourages people to integrate themselves and be included within groups in the society, he proposes the Law of Social

Perhaps the most attractive aspect about the life of Henry David Thoreau to a modern reader is the fact that the man actually lived the type of life and philosophy that he preached. Thoreau disdained the industrialized, modern urban life of the modern intellectual. His entire life illustrates how he lived, not simply as a great thinker, but as one who embodied the living principles of the Transcendentalist movement. Thoreau did not simply tell others to live. Rather he sought to discover, and then to embody his own principles in the text of lived experience, as well as upon the printed page. First of all, rather than attempting to secure a job as a minister or academic after graduating from college, Thoreau embarked upon a period of study in the real world, to determine what was the best path for himself. On this quest, he worked as, among many other menial' occupations and pursuits, as a handyman for the esteemed essayis

Henry David Thoreau is famous as one of the greatest living American Transcendentalist authors of the 19th century. Unlike Ralph Waldo Emerson, Thoreau is famous for putting Emerson's Transcendentalist principles of self-reliance into action. Self-reliance and an immediate, human experience of nature and the natural world as spiritually beneficial were some of the core ideals of both the movement and of Thoreau's own personal philosophy himself. One of the reasons Thoreau embarked upon his famous experiment of living in the woods, was to prove to himself that even in an increasingly complex industrial society such as the newly formed rail-road crossed, post- industrialized America, one was still able to live with one's hands. Thoreau advocated a simpler life, boiled down to life's most basic necessities and based upon the rhythms of daily life rather than the rhythms of commerce. Rather than mediating one's spirituality t

Police officers are people the society should normally look up to as epitomes of discipline and protectors of law and order, however police behavior in recent years has been anything but exemplary thus rising rise to extreme resentment and distrust in the public. The public no longer trusts or respects police officers levying all sorts of charges against them. Police behavior is indeed despicable in some cases especially where minorities or women are concerned. When we delve deeper into the anthropological and psychological causes of this kind of behavior, we notice that police is influenced by a flawed subculture that profound affects the attitude and behavior of most police officers. On the one hand, this subculture teaches them certain values and beliefs and on the other, it turns the entire police community into a cohesive group that is essentially alienated from the general public. According to Adler, Mueller, and Laufer (1994) police subculture is a "set of norms

Edgar Allen Poe's short story "The Cask of Amontillado" describes a horrific vengeance killing: the burying alive of a man. Montresor, a man of no small means, seeks revenge on a friend of his, the unsuspecting Fortunato. Montresor never mentions what Fortunato did to deserve such wrath; yet Montresor has premeditated and skillfully planned out the murder. Montresor leads Fortunato through his estate's catacombs, where he tells the Italian wine connoisseur that a cask of Amontillado awaits his scrutiny. Taking full advantage of Fortunato's pride in his wine-tasting abilities, Montresor seduces his friend into the depths of the caverns in spite of Fortunato's allergy to nitre and visible drunkenness. Montresor acts with cold, calculated motions and seems to indicate a total lack of emotion; Poe portrays his protagonist as being both compulsive and deluded.

Affirmative action is the set of public policies and initiatives designed to help eliminate past and present discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. Affirmative action was set into place during the 1960's by President Johnson as a way of redressing discrimination that had persisted in spite of civil rights laws and constitutional guarantees. Focusing in particular on education and jobs, affirmative action policies required that active measures be taken to ensure that blacks and other minorities enjoyed the same opportunities for promotions, salary increases, career advancement, school admissions, scholarships, and financial aid that had been the nearly exclusive province of whites.[1] The pro and con affirmative action is often intense. Proponents argue that the policy is still necessary to create a "level playing field" for all Americans. Minorities and females still don't make as much money as men do and we live in a society

The paper identifies the integrated marketing strategy and its affect on public relations of the company. It has 1 source.

The Tang and Song Chinese Dynasties shared much in common and both were periods of social, cultural, and political blossoming. The Tang period, which ran approximately from 618-907 CE, immediately preceded the Song, which lasted from 960-1279, but was split into two distinct periods, the Northern Song and Southern Song Dynasties. During both periods, China saw a flourishing of the arts, from painting to poetry. The Song period continued the political unification of China that began with the Tang dynasty; both

In the current world of computers, security has become a major source of contention among the industries leaders. Digital security, in particular, is one of the most heated topics of debate, and companies compete daily to offer the best, most cost effective and practical digital security solutions to its consumers. Microsoft is among those companies, and its digital security solutions can provide a cost-effective digital security solution. At the same time, however, the Microsoft solutions may not be the best resource for all companies. In general, Microsoft's identity and access management solutions enable businesses to increase the security of managing digital identities. For example, the Passport single sign-in service allows users to create a single set of credentials that can be used to access any site that supports a Passport service. Since the credential information is not held by the company accepting the passport, but rather, by Microsoft, the identity information is secured th

Considered perhaps the greatest American playwright, Tennessee Williams was raised in Mississippi and achieved success early on in his career when he won the New York Critics' Circle Award in 1944-45 for the Broadway debut of The Glass Menagerie. Williams went on to win the same award and the Pulitzer Prize for A Streetcar Named Desire a mere three years later. Despite all his fame and fortune, Williams loathed being a celebrity. He found comfort in his relationship with Frank Merlo, who tragically died in 1961 from Lung Cancer. Williams fell into a deep depression soon after, and he too passed away tragically in a hotel room in New York in 1983 from a drug overdose. Alongside great writers in American Literature like Williams, Ring Lardner is considered one of America's greatest short story writers. While he never wrote a novel, Lardner was well acquainted with F. Scott Fitzgerald whose editor helped publish Lardner's works. His only playwright success came f