Conflicts are natural. They are a given in almost any situation. No matter the situation be personal or work related. Avoiding or eliminating conflicts are next to impossible in any situation. The origin of conflict can be frequently traced to improper perceptions. (Burton, 1968) In an organization, conflict can play an important role in offering workers and the management direction and purpose. The trend to use teams and groups to undertake different projects or changes in an organization is increasing. Getting together a group of people often from different functional lines is a definitive way to create differences in opinions or dissonance. Dissonance, or a need to find a better way of doing things, is often the seed, which spurs on the team to higher levels of investigation. Without any conflict, organizational life would be stagnant. It would eventually get obsolete and collapse. Research and development department

In the play, Metamorphosis, Gregor was alienated from his family even before he turned into vermin. This can be seen when we discover that Gregor's job involves quite a bit of travel. Because he travels so much, get up at early hours and works very long days, we know that his job prevents him from spending time with his family. In addition he feels strapped to his job because he feels obligated to repay his parents debt. He hopes that in "five or six years" (Kafka 741), he will be able to quit his job and cut himself "completely loose" (12). Gregor's job lacks meaning and purpose and he does it only to pay his parent's debt. We also get the notion

Influenza has been at the center of medical research for many decades. Influenza has cause millions of deaths and widespread epidemics. Over the many decades of studying the disease, many monumental discoveries have been made. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the structure of the Influenza virus. The discussion will also focus on the Influenza epidemic of 1918.

The consequences of following an ideology in its purest form, even a good ideology, would be horrific. Imagine if one followed the ideology of pure democracy to its fullest extent. There would be no protection of minority rights. Those who were of minority ethnic or religious groups, or simply held opinions contrary to the majority who ruled, would be summarily silenced or, if the majority so ruled, executed. Even the Christian doctrine of giving all to the poor would be difficult for such a zealous Christ

Introduction to Utilitarianism Utilitarianism is a philosophy which, according to John Stuart Mill (Mill, 1861), "â€holds that actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness." Mill clarifies "happiness" as "intended pleasure, and the absence of pain," and his definition of "unhappiness" is "pain, and the privation of pleasure." But that is only scratching the surface of Mill's explanation of utilitarianism. The premise on which Mills' morality theory is based is that "pleasure, and freedom from pain, are the only things desirable as ends." Further, "all desirable things (which are as numerous in the utilitarian as in any other scheme) are desirable either for the pleasure inherent in themselves, or as a means to the promotion of pleasure and the prevention of pain." Mills goes to great lengths to explain that "quality" of pleasure is better than "quantity" of pleasur

Before one starts a battle, the first thing he does is to sketch out a strategic plan, as well as the tactical means that will make this plan possible. Similarly, before starting the actual audit engagement, an auditor must plan it accordingly. Indeed, a good auditor will develop an overall strategy, make sure that factors such as "the size and complexity of the client, the experience with the client, and knowledge of the indus

The American Dream proves to be a difficult to achieve in Lorraine Hansberry's play, A Raisin in the Sun, and Arthur Miller's play, Death of a Salesman. While both families illustrate the struggle involved with achieving their dreams, they also prove that the struggle alone is not enough. We learn from the Younger family that dreams can be achieved, just not always in the capacity in which we dream them. We learn from the Loman family that waking up is just as essential as dreaming is. While both families do not get what they had dreamed, they illustrate the pain that is sometimes attached to the American Dream. Lena's dream of having a home for her family is her driving force. When she uses some of the insurance money for a house, she tells her children that she tried to get the best with the money she had. When Walter complains, she tells him, "We was going backward stead of forwards-- talking about killing babies and wishing each other was dead . . . When i

In Life of Pi, Yann Martel presents the main character, Pi Patel, who, as a young boy in India, explores different religions and their philosophies. Like most of the population of Pondicherry, a small Indian territory, Pi Patel was born and raised a Hindu. Before long, though, his philosophical nature leads him to explore some of the other religions that have a presence in Pondicherry. On Hinduism, Gaer writes, "India has been the stage of intense religious activity for a number of millennia. And the religion of India, Hinduism, has shown an extraordinary

Life is a journey with many twists and turns; ups and downs; and joys and sorrows. As such, the journey of life is one long effort to reach one goal after the other, though on many a occasion, those goals may prove to be elusive. Indeed, some goals may never be achieved, leading to disappointment and frustration. Yet, there are some people who seem to weather life's set backs in their stride, circumventing obstacles rather than allowing them to get in their way of achieving an objective. One possible reason why such individuals are able to face life's challenges successfully is a personal philosophy that the journey, which is a learning experience, counts more than perhaps the actual attainment of a desired goal. The philosophy that life is a learning experience also plays a pivotal role in an individual being able to continuously engage in self-development and growth, both personally as well as professionally. For it implies the development of critical thin

Electronic networking refers to any of several forms of information exchange between two or more computers through any of several methods of interconnection. The use of networking is rapidly spreading throughout much of the world as a fast, reliable, and, in most applications, inexpensive form of communication. It is inexpensive because it is fast, and it can use existing public phone lines. Multiple messages can be sent in a single phone call, lowering their average cost. In "packet-switched" systems, there is no need to establish a real- time circuit, as in a telephone call. Instead, information can be sent in "packets" that are encoded with their source and destination(s). Error-correcting modems can ensure reliability of transmission. The network economy is challenging traditional well-established health care institutions to develop new patient-oriented models and invest in information and communication technologies (Tomasko, 1993). So it is obvious th

Globalization, according to its proponents, was supposed to be the panacea for the economic ills of the world. The results of opening up of economies' and free trade' during the past two decades[1], however, have at best been mixed. While the developed and rich countries have benefited from lowering of tariffs and trade liberalization, a majority of the poorest countries have suffered. Poverty levels among the rural population of the developing and the least developed countries, in particular, have risen in this period instead of going down. This paper, which is largely based on the Oxfam briefing paper, The Rural Poverty Trap, examines the reasons behind the increasing rural poverty in the least developed countries and outlines the steps that should be taken to remedy the situation. What is Happening' Despite the fact that the Industrial Revolution started more than 200 years ago, approximately half of the world's population sti

This report compares and contrasts two sculptures displayed at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art in Los Angeles, California, and one sculpture from the text, Gardner's Art Through the Ages. I viewed the sculptures the Hope Athena (Fig. 1), believed to be dated around the second century and the Hope Hygeia (Fig. 2) from 1797. Both pieces are on the second floor of the Ahmanson Building in the LACM. The Hope Athena and the Hope Hygeia are displayed in a gallery with nine other pieces from ancient and Islamic art. The Peplos Kore (Fig. 3) is the third sculpture from the text I will be examining.

Financial aid for education is made available by governments, educational institutions, and charitable trusts primarily with the objective of helping children who come from the less advantaged sections of society. Indeed, this is the reason why financial aid applications ask for information on family income and assets, as such data can help determine an individual student's financial need. The other important fact about student financial aid is that it is funded by taxes that are paid by all citizens on the tacit understanding that such monies will be used for the overall good of society. Thus, the system of student financial aid has been set up with an ethical purpose and as such, it can be argued that any attempt to deceive the system is unethical as it defeats the envisioned end of achieving social justice. Viewed from this perspective, I find that the justifications offered by John's parents for lying on John's financial aid application unacceptable. Further, the

Poverty is a major cause of stress, as it leads to a feeling of total helplessness. It can be extremely difficult if not downright impossible to break free from the cycle of poverty, for low-paying jobs rarely lead anywhere and many families struggle just to get by. Without opportunities for advancement, people who are poor have little recourse but to seek public services. Unfortunately few public services offer the opportunities the poor need to make any significant changes to their lives. It is hard to a

Isaac Asimov has a very unique opinion about intelligence. He determines that his intelligence is not "absolute but is a function of the society I live in and of the fact that a small subsection of that society has managed to foist itself on the rest" (Asimov). This is actually an accurate assessment. Intelligence should not be based on what one knows about academic topics or issues because, as Asimov has demonstrated, the real world rarely operates on those levels. Most people understand that there are several levels of intelligence or, that intelligence operates on many levels. Asimov's auto repairman is an excellent example of this and he is also correct when he surmises that an education does not make one very smart. One of my best friends has a master's degree and yet she does not possess the ability to know when people are pulling her leg. In other words, she is the most gullible person I know. She helps people learn to budget their money and can tutor college students on everything fro

In Dorothy Lessing's, "To Room Nineteen" and in Willa Cather's, "Paul's Case" the protagonists, Susan Rawlings and Paul, respectively live two livesâ€"the physical self and the "other" self. The latter is what governs their every day motivationsâ€"their raison d'etres. It takes over their entire being. And when they discover that this life is not something they can call their very own or when there is danger of this life being infiltrated, they see no reason to let the physical self survive. In each tale, Paul and Susan commit suicide. And, it is in dying that the physical or worldly self and the other self truly meet, albeit tragically. Paul and Susan's lives are similar in that they are completely disassociated from the real and the substantive. And they revel in life built on imagination. They find succor and protection there. Their revelries are also with the knowledge t

Organizational Behavior: Organizational Behavior is a discipline, which studies the way that people and groups act in organizations. It does this by taking a systems approach that attempts to understand and model the factors that come into play whenever people work together. This involves addressing both the internal and external perspectives of human behavior, as both may influence the way people interact in an organizational setting. The study of organizational behavior is a valuable management tool since it helps define the way organizations are structured and how they should behave (Fact Index, para 1-2). Indeed, the application of this understanding is vital to an organization in its efforts to achieve its vision, mission, and organizational goals. Organizational Culture: The primary source of an organization's culture is its vision, philosophy, values, and goals (NOAA, para 6). Indeed, these key factors determine the type of leadership, communication, and group dyn

Utilitarianism as a philosophy on which to base business, government and society offers a great deal of ambiguity. It allows for almost as many interpretations as there are people to think about it. That being the case, it is, first and foremost, unworkable as a basis for conducting any sort of interaction, from commercial to governmental to social. Some people think utilitarianism means a sort of hedonistic good,' while others think it is an altruistic' good that is being sought. Some define happiness as present condition; others define it as the result of a lifetime. And that only begins to scratch the surface of the varying degrees of thinking about utilitarianism. Utilitarianism, however, as most people very simplistically think about it, is putting pleasure before pain. Some take it a step beyond that, and consider it putting pleasure before pain for the greatest number of people. In some ways, of course, that is a very appealing sort of statemen

Artists in this century have a long and rich, and problematic heritage on which to draw. As an artist I have been influenced by others before me and by the world around me. The technology that has been introduced into art is both a problem and a challenge for artists as it changes the meaning of what art is and could be. World events, the fourth world war and the failure of science and reason as the main tools of modern thought - all these factors have influenced and inspired me in the way I practice and theorize about art today. One of the most important revelations that have inspired my work is the non-dualistic artistic school, which has recently come into prominence. It is not well-known that this movement had its origins hundreds of years ago in the early twentieth century. Possibly the greatest influence on myself and many other artists has been the radical changes in the political and philosophical structures of the modern world. I ref

Andrew Carnegie and Henry George present different viewpoints on technological and social progress and different visions of the future. Both men agree that the advancements made in the manufacturing industry and the subsequent surge in capitalism have had many noticeably positive effects on humanity as a whole. Lifestyles have improved due to the use of "labor- saving inventions," as George notes (512). "Sheep killed in Australia eaten fresh in England and the order given by the London banker in the afternoon executed in San Francisco in the morning of the same day," are a few examples of how technology has revolutionized life over the past few centuries. Carnegie is likewise optimistic about the immediate effects of technological innovation. Both authors agree that great social and political changes have resulted directly from innovations in science and technology. Moreover, both Carnegie and George concur that not all the changes have benefited all people. In fact, Carne

Descartes posited, "I think, therefore I am." However, his revelation did not end the debate on the nature of the self; in fact, it gave rise to a slew of other opinions on the subject. The nature of the self is a fundamental philosophical question, as it delves into the very nature of our existence. One of the main problems with theorizing about the nature of the self is that selfhood can be constructed and looked at in a number of different ways. For instance, the self may or may not be connected to the body. The "mind-body problem" has been debated by a number of notable philosophers like Descartes and Leibniz. Both duelists, Descartes and Leibniz posited that the mind and body are separate entities. Descartes assumed that the mind and the body interact causally; the impulses or actions of one impact the impulses or reactions of the other. Although he was also a dualist regarding the mind-body probl

There are several problems that appeared at the Philadelphia Convention, so it is best we discuss them in the order they appear in the text. We need to assert from the very beginning that the Philadelphia Convention had the primary goal of setting the basis for the way the new nation would be governed in the future and of discussing how the people would be best represented in the legislative and executive structures. The first problem that had arisen before the Convention was the fact that the governmental structures were lacking unity and that there was perhaps an excessive federalization of the country. Indeed, in a federal states, one of the most important and troublesome problems is how strong should the central government be and how decentralized can it work. To these problems, Madison believed that a government that should not "become tyrannical or fall wholly under the influence of a particular faction"[1]. Thus, the problem of different fac

Born in Russian Poland in 1882, Rose Schneiderman has come to be known as the woman who taught Eleanor Roosevelt everything she knew about trade unionism (Rose pp). Noted for her activism in women's labor rights, Schneiderman played a key role in helping to change the labor laws in the United States. An Orthodox Jew, Schneiderman and her family were desperately poor even though both of her parents were employed as tailors (Rose pp). At her mother's insistence, Schneiderman attended a traditional Hebrew school and later a Russian public school (Rose pp). In 1890 the family moved to the United States and settled in New York City's Lower East Side (Rose pp). In 1892 her father, Samuel, died of meningitis and her mother Deborah took in borders and sewed for neighbors to help combat the family's dire economic condition, however, despite her efforts, the family descended into poverty and eventually was forced to rely on charity to meet its basic financial obliga

In order to be able to address motivational issues, both from the employer and the employee points of view, we need to discuss the sources of motivational actions: why and how the motivation need appears and some of the means by which these needs can be satisfied. In order to best address this, we will discuss, at some point, some of the motivational theories, including Maslow's pyramid of needs and Herzberg's two factor theory. Quoting Kamal Fatehi, motivation can be seen as "the process by which the human behavior is mobilized towards achieving certain goals, which will satisfy certain individual or organizational needs"[1]. Discussing the individual needs best applies in our case. According to Maslow, for example, there is a pyramid of needs that each individual has. The first and fundamental needs are the biological needs: food, shelter, water, etc. Once those needs are looked after, the second category of needs are represented by the need to

There are several problems that a cell would face it if were to become very large. Among the first of these is being faced with an overload of nutrients. All nutrients enter the cell through the cell membrane. The larger the cell wall, the more nutrients it will contact; an abundance could potentially be available to the cell as they pass through the cell membrane. However, the more nutrients arriving, the greater the number of chemical reactions needed to process them. Moreover, all the n