In January 1961, Dwight Eisenhower's presidency was coming to an end, and the nation was preparing for the new administration of John Kennedy. Within a week of each other, the two men both made addresses to the nation – Eisenhower made a farewell speech, and Kennedy delivered his inaugural address. There were significant similarities and differences in the speeches. While both men understood that the Cold War would be a national priority for the foreseeable future, they also saw the risks posed by a global military buildup – albeit from different perspectives. Finally, Eisenhower focused some of his address on domestic issues, while Kennedy spent his entire address talking in more global terms. The Cold War: Here to Stay One area of similarity between the Eisenhower and Kennedy addresses is that both men recognized the lasting threats posed by the Cold War, although neither man directly referenced the Soviet Union. Eisenhower, as a general and then president, saw the Iron Curtain

In his lifetime, Adam de la Halle was perhaps best known by the name "Adam le Bossu," which means in English, "Adam the Hunchback." The hump in Halle's upper back was a birth defect, which caused Halle, all his life, to appear slightly stooped in his posture; and to be noticeable if not extremely hunch-backed ("Adam de la Halle", Encyclopedia Britannica Online). Halle was born around 1237, in Arras, France, a city located in the Picardy region of northern France ("Arras, France"). Within this essay, I shall discuss some of Adam de la Halle's major artistic accomplishments: e.g., within the 13th-century French secular theater he founded; in poetry and musical composition, and will also explore various other highlights and key events of his life. According to the article "Adam de la Halle" (Wikipedia), Halle's father, Henri de le Hale, one of the city of Arras's notables, intended that his son join the church. However, Adam de la Halle himself did not ever in fact do so. Obviously, he m

Giovanni Pierluigi Da Palestrina was a sixteenth-century Italian composer of sacred music, operating in Rome for most of his career. There is a myth surrounding Palestrina claiming that he saved church music. The story is that the members of the Council of Trent were preparing to ban polyphonic music in the church but changed their minds after hearing a piece by Palestrina. The story is not true, but it reflects a key fact about his life, meaning his dedication to sacred music and his desire to satisfy the church leaders of his time ("Giovanni Pierluigi Da Palestrina" para. 1). Palestrina was born in Rome in 1525 and died in that city in 1594. He took his name from his birthplace of Palestrina. He was chorister at St. Maria Maggiore in Rome from 1537, becoming organist and choirmaster in Palestrina in 1544. hen the Bishop became Pope Julius III in 1550, he summoned Palestrina to Rome to be choirmaster of Cappella Giulia, a nursery for the Sistine Choir. Palestrina published his Book

Many people are against gambling hence, they reject the existence of gambling places such as the casinos. Somehow, the legal existence of casinos seems hard for them to believe why such establishments are made legal knowing the fact that they cause the downfall of many lives. Many people have been in trouble because of gambling in casinos. To the opponents of casinos, a casino is a malevolence that tempts and traps people to their miseries and sometimes causes the loss of a gamblers' life. Despite of the different issues concerning casinos, many may have not known that the existence of casinos provides a number of benefits and advantages not just to the gamblers but also to the government and state where they are established. In terms of gambling, a casino is a better venue for

The film "The Scarlet Letter" (1995) depicts the drama of Hester Prynne, a young Puritan woman living in New England who is condemned to forever wear the label of adultery upon her clothing, in retribution for transgressing the bonds of her loveless marriage with Roger Chillingworth. Hester Prynne commits the act with an initially unknown man, the Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale. At first, Dimmesdale seems like an apparently blameless member of the strict, Puritan society of early America. But Dimmesdale is as guilty as Hester. The evident societal labeling of Prynne, which is rendered explicit by the enforced wearing of the scarlet letter upon her breast seems to reinforce the idea, as advanced by some sociologists, that a community needs to self-consciously create deviant persons or outsiders to uphold its sense of order. Social labeling arises when a society wishes to define itself as essentially normal, upright, or moral against so-called deviant influences. By making a spectacle of

A classroom that promotes desired student behavior and facilitates instruction is arranged to encourage communication and interaction. For example, the large tables that seat up to five children promote maximum peer interactions during cooperative learning activities. Each table is arranged at an angle toward the teacher desk, located on the long wall of the room. The arrangement enables each student to have a clear view of the teacher without obstructions and also allows the teacher to effectively manage student behavior and progress with classroom activities. The non-linear arrangement of the tables also allows the teacher to move freely about the room to offer students individualized attention or supervise their activities. Students are also less likely to feel trapped into confining seating arrangements and are offered a large space with which to work. Tables are spaced far apart to mini

First of all, we need to define external governance and discuss the different means by which it can impact the organization and its presence on London's entertainment market. As such, external governance defines a set of "external forces such as consumer groups, clients, and government regulations"1 that influence the way the organization is operated and controlled. As we are referring to a club/bar, first of all we need to take into consideration the governmental regulations. These would range anywhere from the liquor and drink regime to the sanitary and hygiene norms that need to be respected and to the deals and contractual agreements made with both the permanent employees and artists or singers that come in for special events. In this sense, the organization will need to adapt its internal regulations to meet the exact legal requirements of the United Kingdom which may, in some cases, differ from the US ones. As an example, the legal age for drinking in Europ

Everybody must work. Life cannot be passed in idleness. The grass must be cut, the child must be fed, and the elderly person must be helped across the street. To feel healthy we must work out, and if we have a muscle cramp we cannot sit and cry like a child, rather we must work out our stiffness and soreness with stretching. However, when we hear the word "work," quite often what comes to mind is not merely effort in the sense of expending energy, but paid labor. America has always idealized the value of making one's fortune from nothing, working by the sweat of one's brow, much as is depicted in Richard Rodriguez's essay on "Los Pobres." However, Henry Louis Gates Jr., an African-American, would caution that not all work is inherently dignifying. Work must uplift the mind as well as the body. Barbara Ehrenreich in her essay from Nickel and Dimed, and Robert Reich "Why the Poor are Getting Poorer, and the Rich Richer," would likewise cau

The purpose of this paper is to introduce, discuss, and analyze the article "Beauty (Re) discovers the Male Body" by Susan Bordo. Specifically, it will discuss her outlook on advertising with males, and look at some modern ads using the male body as the central focus of the ads. Throughout this essay, author Bordo equates the new appreciation of the male form in advertising to a greater acceptance of homosexual attitudes and male "femininity." This may be the case, and certainly gay men would enjoy many of these ads as much as straight women do. However, to credit changing acceptance as the main reason these ads are fashionable seems a bit one-sided. Certainly male sexuality is at play in the ads, but there are also many other factors at play, including changing morals throughout society that allow these ads to exist in the first place. In her essay, Bordo writes, "Throughout the century, gay photographers have created a rich, sensuous, and dramatic tradition which is unabashed in eroticizing the male body, male sensuousness, and male potency, including penises" (Bordo 176). Through

The Song of Solomon is a book out of the Hebrew Bible – which is also the Old Testament used by Christians – also called the "Canticle of Canticles," according to Wikipedia. The book of Solomon has been a somewhat controversial book because it is actually a cycle of poems that relate, in many cases, to erotic love. It is in fact a conversation between a man and a woman about to be married (a bride and a bridegroom) talking about sexual love. The male's object of affection and the female's object of affection are both discussed in the poem. How was the book named? The first verse of the Book of Solomon is called, "The Song of songs, which is of (or for) Solomon. Followers of the Jewish faith believe that this book and the Song of Solomon are very special. A well-known Rabbi, Rabbi Akiba who is known as one of Judaism's great scholars, said the following: "Heaven forbid that any man in Israel ever disputed that the Song of Songs is holy.

Times have changed and the family outhouse is passé. Thank heavens. Although you got to look at the grass and flowers growing by the creek, the outhouse wasn't very comfortable-especially in the winter. When it was cold, you did your "business" in a hurry. In the summertime, the smell was bad. So, the advent of waste treatment facilities means that people can stay indoors and not have to carry water for a bath (or get in the cree

The question of whether the library or Sam has violated the terms of the data bank license that prohibits copying of the licensed information elicits two different answers under the current legal standards. This outcome depends on whether the Uniform Computer Information Transaction Act (UCITA) is used in the analysis, or whether the analysis is conducted under the traditional notions of copyright fair use. This paper will answer the question of whether the library or Sam have violated the terms of the data bank license. It will analyze their actions under the traditional notions of fair use and copyright law, and under the terms proposed by the UCITA. Under the fair use test, four factors are used by the courts in making their determination. The first factor involves the purpose and character of the use, where educational use, such as the library's and Sam's type of use, receives preference. The second factor involves the nature of work, whether it is non-fiction or

1. The product and its features To keep in track with the latest developments in the industry of hi-tech gadgets, Microsoft launched the Origami project. The main purpose of this work project was to develop a new product that would revolutionize the computer industry. And they have! Microsoft's Origami project came up with the Q1, or the Ultra Mobile Personal Computer. The Q1 is a computer with considerably decreased sizes, "portable, lightweight and configured to connect on the go."1 Not larger than the average notebook, the mini laptop uses wireless connections. As the computer has "support for touchscreen and keyboard input"2, the user can send out commands towards the computer through a special stylus by simply writing down the commands on the display. Also, the mini computer offers the users the ability to connect it to the keyboard (also of small size) and type in the commands. According to Microsoft programmers, the Q1 was developed to "go anywh

The conflicting and different perspectives adopted by the North and South in discussing the issue of black American slavery is founded mainly on economic, rather than political differences. It is important to note that the two regions have different economic and political orientations when the early British settlers inhabited the then-called Americas. The Southern region inhabitants inhabited the part of the territory that has sparse fertile land, low and often scarce water resource, and a generally 'unfriendly' environment, which resulted to numerous deaths due to illnesses obtained while inhabiting the Southern region lands. The Northern region, meanwhile, enjoyed relatively better environmental resources than their Southern counterpart. The Northern region inhabitants easily established its own agricultural society and grew in number/ population, as compared to

Both a woman's desire for sovereignty in marriage, as well as the moral and logical correctness of female supremacy in matrimony are two themes that pervade and define Geoffrey Chaucer's Canterbury Tales. The following essay will explore within "The Wife of Bath's Tale" and "the Miller's Tale" the notion of female sovereignty in marriage and its moral implications. "The Wife of Bath's Tale" in most respects exemplifies the quintessential Arthurian Romance-it features as its protagonist a knight, it revolves around a specific quest that knight must undergo, and it features a milieu that alternates between a court of nobles and an enigmatic forest. Via its central characters; the rapist knight, the Queen of England, and the mysterious old wife, "The Wife of Bath's Tale" makes two fundamental assertions regarding a woman's sovereignty in marriage: first, that all women desire it, and second, that it is a nec

"Imagine" by John Lennon is a philosophical song about peace in the world. It relates to "The Dream Weaver" by Jack Bowen because throughout the book, the Old Man asks Ian to "imagine" many things, from two artists, to their conversation being just a dream. Imagination is important to philosophy, because imagining something can be the first step in creating it. The song begins: "Imagine there's no heaven It's easy if you try Nowhere below us Above only sky" (Lennon), and that is another important aspect of this book –

Inequality based on race and class appears to be elements of capitalist democracy common to American society throughout its history. Various women's and philanthropic organizations engaged in protest during the Great Depression and afterward, lobbying for reforms to aid the impoverished, children, and laborers. However, protest movements demonstrated a growing radicalism as the twentieth century unfolded. Labor protests often turned violent as unions and their representatives clashed with strikebreakers and even thugs paid by companies. The same was true with the Civil Rights protests that erupted during the 1960s. Militant groups like the Black Panthe

To Thomas Hobbes, as noted particularly in Levithan, humankind did not rank highly. In fact, he said, most humans are "nasty, brutish and short." The world is a place where the situation is always close to a time of war. All men are an enemy to one another man and have no more security and safety than what they have by their own strength and invention. In such a situation, how can there by any industry, since the outcome is uncertain: "and consequently no culture of the earth; no navigation, nor use of the commodities that may be imported by sea; no commodious building; no instruments of moving and removing such things as require much force; no knowledge of the face of the earth; no account of time; no arts; no letters; no society; and which is worst of all, continual fear, and danger of violent death." The goal, of man, therefore is immediate gratification for self-consideration. Hobbes demonstrated that pride was one of the first and lasting negative traits

Voltaire ranks as one of the most well-known satirists in the history of literature. Many of his comments are as apt today as they were over three hundred years ago when originally written. His play, Candide, is one of the best examples of this literary technique. It includes many double entendres about the Catholic church, government and government officials, women and science that invite laughter, but also serious thought as to the impact these institutions have on everyday life. Or, as it is often said, "The truth is said in jest." Candide, a naive young man living in the castle of the Baron of Thunder-Ten-Tronckh in Westphalia, is found kissing the Baron's daughter, Cunégonde, and exiled from the castle. He heads off for a series of mysterious and often horrible adventures around the world in a search for Cunégonde that eventually leads him to self understanding. One of the ways that satire is used is to exaggerate just enough that it is believable, whi

One of the most useful aspects of reviewing the available literature on drinking problems is that it highlights the difficulty of finding easy answers as to the question of whom, how, and why certain groups appear to suffer from drinking problems while others do not. For example, it is difficult to create a comparative study between whites and Native Americans, because while some Native American tribes do indeed have serious drinking issues, other tribes are virtual abstainers because of tribal prohibitions or the different location of their particular Indian nation. Both Asians and Latinos, depe

1.Introduction: the Background The Korean War is often referred to by historians as the 'forgotten war'. One of the reasons for this is because the war took place less than five years after the end of World War II. The Korean War which began on June 25, 1950 "... was often and perhaps unavoidably compared with and subsumed by the myth and memory of the Second World War. " (Pierpaoli 92) The historical antecedents of the Korean War, particularly in terms of political and ideological thinking in relation to the Second World War and the advent of the Cold War, are made clear in the following quotation. ... the Korean conflict seemed to have emerged like an unwanted mutation from a linear, Darwinian-like process that seamlessly linked World War II with the Cold War and its early evolutionary process. Thus, from the start, the Korean War became a prisoner of the rigid mentality and ideology of the early Cold War. (Pierpaoli 92) It is therefore impo

Q#1 H0 (null hypothesis) Gender role perceptions of restaurant guests have no effect on decisions to reward or punish restaurant wait staff personnel who draw happy faces on guest checks. H1(alternative hypothesis) Restaurant guest with traditional gender role perceptions will reward female wait staff and punish male wait staff who draw happy faces on guest checks. Such a study would be difficult to conduct because it would be necessary to measure the gender role perceptions of a relatively large sample of restaurant guests using a measurement instrument that provides valid and reliable differentiations between

In an era of sound bytes, television attack ads, political blogs, and twenty-four hour national news cycles, it can be difficult to imagine that politics once was different. For one, it was more local. In the Nineteenth Century, and through a good part of the Twentieth Century, Democrats and Republicans concentrated their efforts in the crowded wards and precincts of America's cities. Before radio, television, and the Internet, communication was largely face-to-face. Without automobiles and metropolitan mass transit systems, the average individual's life was more intensely local. People walked to work. They shopped in their neighborhoods. They socialized with others in their building, or on their block. The world in which one lived was the world that one saw every day with one's own eyes. Knowledge came from the lips of men and women with whom one was intimately acquainted. They were the people with whom Americans worked and played, argued and played; fought or

In 1798, there was a young Republican publicist named Benjamin Franklin Bache, the editor of the Philadelphia Aurora, who was known as "Lightning Rod, Junior" because he was the grandson of Benjamin Franklin and was known for his shocking phraseology. Impetuous, harsh, narrow-minded and devoted to the belief that the sins of the mighty must be exposed, he once made fun of Abigail Adams for crying when her husband was greatly honored. He made a habit of accusing President Adams of nepotism, misuse of public funds and monarchic ambitions, calling him "old, querulous, bald, blind, crippled, toothless Adams." Abigail retaliated by describing Bache as "that lying wretch of a Bache." 1 The Aurora and other Republican newspapers continued to attach Federalist foreign policy. They demanded that America try to negotiate a settlement with France and accused the Federalists of using the threat of war with France to gain support for their party. Adams was galled by

George Washington George Washington was born in Virginia on February 22, 1732 to Augustine Washington and Mary Ball Washington. Born in a wealthy family, George Washington was able to study and inherit properties. Even during his early age, George Washington had already demonstrated interest in military arts. In 1754, at 22 years of age, he was already fighting in battles, particularly in the French and Indian War where he was the Lieutenant Colonel. The major military leadership of George Washington happened in 1775 in the American Revolution where he had been the Commander in Chief of the Continental Army. George Washington had a defensive military strategy. Although his army suffered several defeats, Washington never gave up. He continued to boost his arm