In "Terrorism's Widening Circle" and "From Terrorism to Insurgency," the author traces the specific geographic issues related to terrorism in the modern age. While terrorism is hardly new, the scope and nature of terrorist attacks have been changing over the recent years, a fact that became quite evident in the United States and the world on September 11, 2001. It was at that moment that the reality of Islamic terrorism became manifest for the world, including the terrorist movements willingness to go to extreme lengths in attacks on the West. Chapters 8 and 9 of the text, respectively listed above, describe the geographical component of terrorism in the modern age and the importance it plays in our understanding of Islamic terrorism, its roots, and its intentions. In "Terrorism's Widening Circle" the author describes circuitously the non-locality of Islamic terrorism in comparison with other major terrorist groups. What does this mean? In a geographical sense, most terrorist groups in the pa

Moving from Indonesia to the United States was harder than it seemed. What I assumed would be a smooth transition turned out to involve a considerable amount of culture shock, even though I enrolled at UCSC, a multicultural campus with an Indonesian social club. I left Indonesia after the rioting and political turmoil there in 2000 when the Asian economic crisis was taking its toll on my life and the lives of all my friends and family members. Shifting colleges and moving to a new location seemed a good way to gain a greater perspective on the world as well as on my own life. With ambitions to become a personal or corporate financial analyst, I also knew that the United States university system would offer me far more flexibility and options. My grades do not reflect my abilities in my chosen field because of the difficulties I have had adapting to a new culture but the road has become smoother and I find little holding me back from excelling in graduate school. In graduate school, I w

Introduction The story of Jericho is found in the Bible in Joshua 6, which tells of how the Israelites wandered in the wilderness for 40 years and then come to the land of Canaan. The Israelites come to the city of Jericho, a walled city, and they march around the walls once each day for six days. On the seventh day, the Israelites encircled the city seven times, and on the past time, the priests blew the trumpets, at which point the walls fell flat and opened the city to conquest. The Israelites then set the rest of the city on fire (a story told well by Wheeler, 1958). In modern times, Archaeologists have been seeking evidence for these events and have found much evidence at archaeological sites. The story says that three of the walls fell, while the fourth wall, the one to the north, remained standing. This is also the site of Rahab's house, which stands because it was against the north wall. Archaeologists have found a site with these characteristics, including eviden

A.Organizational Behavior Organizational Behavior is the study of human behavior in the workplace, the interaction between people and the organization with the intent to understand and predict human behavior (Vandeveer & Menefee, 2005). In another formal definition by Robbins: "Organizational behavior is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups and structure have on behavior within organizations, for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organization's effectiveness (Robbins, 2005)." Two keywords are important in this terminology – that is "organization" and "behavior." Organization relates to a group or group while behavior means actions or reactions to situations. The behavior occurs in organizations and organizations are simply groups with two or more people that share a certain set of goals and meet at regular times (Vandeveer & Menefee, 2005)." Thus, it could be said that organizational behavior aims to know and understand the a

The preservation of liberty stands as one of the central hallmarks of a democratic government. Deprived of this essential human right, people are no longer free to exercise their individual autonomy to decide for themselves what kind of life is worth pursuing. At the middle of the twentieth-century, the world was emerging from under the shadow of Nazi totalitarianism, while simultaneously being gripped by Joseph Stalin's implementation of a communist state. Several reactionary novels were written during this time, perhaps the three most famous of which are Aldous Huxley's Brave New World (1932), Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451 (1953), and George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four. Published in 1949, Orwell's depiction of a dystopian future provides an alarmist account of the dangers of totalitarianism, through a fictional rendering of the life events of Winston Smith – a citizen, or perhaps more aptly, a subject, of the totalitarian super-state of Oceania.

Thanks to advancements in computing technology, the use of e-mail for communication has become omnipresent, especially in business. As Kruck and Kruck (2006) note, as an organization's dependence on e-mail for communication increases, so does the opportunity for problems to arise. One such problem is the increased numbers of spoofed e-mails, where a communication is sent masquerading as another party, as a means of committing phishing fraud. The first recorded use of the word "phishing" is documented on the alt.onlin-service.america-online Usenet newsgroup, on January 2, 1996. Some sources, however note the term having appeared earlier in a hacker magazine 2600. The word itself is a variant of the word "fishing" and alludes to the luring of victims into giving away sensitive information, such as passwords and financial information. It has also been attributed to possibly the term "phreaking" as well as being a portmanteau of "password harvesting" and an example of folk etmolog

a. E-commerce sites and their security – is there any impact of the cost of their security on the prices they charge? As more and more consumers make purchases online, e-commerce continues to grow. With this growth comes an increased prevalence of threats to e-commerce sites. As such, security is a significant issue for organizations that operate an e-commerce site, specifically security protecting the site's online payment system. "Some of these attacks have utilized vulnerabilities that have been published in reusable third-party components utilized by websites, such as shopping cart software. Other attacks have used vulnerabilities that are common in any web application, such as SQL injection or cross-site scripting" (Mookhey, 2004). For this reason, security must be built into the web application, beginning with the design phase. This added focus on creating secure and impenetrable e-commerce sites requires significant additional costs during the site's development phase. These additional costs must be figured into start up costs and offset by increased pricing to the consume

Grandmothers have always played an important role in the lives of African Americans. The culture respects, even reveres, old people for their experience and wisdom. Traditionally, grandmothers have been essential to the economic survival of their families. They also were the primary source of family stories and oral histories that helped children to survive racism (Jimenez, 2002). In recent years a growing number of African American grandmothers have become "new parents again" by taking on sole parenting responsibility for their grandchildren. In this essay, we will explore their reasons for taking on this work in their old age, their roles historically, and some of the effects on them physically, mentally, and emotionally. The number of grandmothers raising their grandchildren nearly doubled between 1970 and 2000-from 2.2million to 4.5 million. During the 1990s the biggest increase was among families with no parent present, usually because of social problems such as t

1) Driving forces tend to occur within the macro-environment within which a specific business functions. These are the changes and evolutions taking place within the industry around the business. Driving force analysis is therefore a tool to provide businesses with predictions regarding the future of the industry, and what the business will be required to do in response to this future. In addition, driving forces are not within the control of a single company or film. There are many influences that should be taken into account when analyzing them. In the music industry, one very important driving force is the development of technology and communications. Recording companies are therefore obliged to take this into account when planning their responses and actions to survive in the future. One such company is Arista Records, founded by Clive Davis. Davis's initial paradigm was a personal approa

The purpose of this paper is to introduce, discuss, and analyze the topic of adoption. Specifically, it will argue why interracial adoption should be allowed and why single parent adoptions should be allowed, as well. Interracial adoption (often referred to as "Transracial Adoption" or TRA), has become far more common in the United States, especially with all the attention stars such as Madonna and Angelina Jolie have received after adopting children from other countries and nationalities. Interracial adoption works because it helps place more children in loving homes and it helps create more understanding between the races, as well. In 1994, the Federal Government passed the Multi Ethnic Placement Act (MEPA), and in 1996, they passed the Adoption and Safe Families Act. These two acts ensured that race could not be used as a reason to deny placement of a child in an adoption or into a foster home (Simon, and Roorda 3). Thus, according to law, race cannot be used as a determining

Picture yourself rolling through the streets of Baghdad in an armored personnel vehicle, when an adversary pops out of the shadows with a rocket launcher. You are dead in his sights, and you suddenly remember that your vehicle lacks much of the armor it is supposed to have, and your bulletproof vest never arrived. At that moment, how much do you care about midterm Congressional elections, or the 2008 White House run? How much do you care about politics at all? Unfortunately, politics could weight heavily on the preparedness of America's troops as they battle a persistent insurgency in Iraq. Congressional leaders have attempted to tie a withdrawal date to much-needed military funds; one prominent Democrat, Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid of Nevada, has even threatened to push for funding cuts. These tactics are part of a strategy to score political points over an unpopular war, but ultimately it will be America's troops who suffer. Polls show many Americans do not support the war in

The history of slavery in the Americas normally covers the situation of the blacks in North America. However, recently there have been increasing numbers of historical studies conducted about Africans in Latin America, specifically Mexico. Blacks were present as slaves of the Spaniards as early as the 1520s, when Mexico was known as New Spain. Over the next 300 years, the slave trade brought approximately 200,000 Africans to the colony. In fact, there were more slaves than Spaniards. Numerous blacks were born in Mexico and followed their parents as slaves. Slavery was not abolished until 1829, but today the descendants still live in Mexico and their cultural heritage remains in music and dance and the arts. The Spanish invaded Mexico in the early 1500s and soon exploited local labor for its needs for mining and agricultural efforts, so there was little initial interest in African slaves. Soon, however, disease and depopulation of local labor made the Spaniards look elsewhere for thei

There is no doubt that nursing has a theoretical basis, regardless of it historical lack of professional recognition. Most nurses would agree that the theoretical beginning of nursing occurred during the reformative period when Florence Nightingale attempted to define what nursing is and what it is not, in an attempt to resolve its duplicity in the medical community and among the public. She furthered what has been referred to as the medical model of nursing theory, through a definitive work associated with defining the role of nurses and medicine in the curative processes of nature. ...the function of an organ becomes obstructed; medicine, as far as we know, assists nature to remove the obstruction, but does nothing more. Nurses could be actively involved in this process of 'putting the patient in the best condition for nature to act upon him' if given appropriate training. This may also remove them from their subservient position to the physician. Nightingale stated that,

In American History X the skinheads gather around an older man Cameron Alexander, a "white power" writer and recruiter of youthful neo-Nazis. His rhetoric of race reduces all the social problems in America to one thing-minorities. The trouble is, complex social problems never have one single underylying cause to be addressed, but the skinheads lack education and don't understand that minorities are being used as scapegoats. Cameron exploits kids who don't know what to do with themselves or their lives, who don't know what to think, or how to think. They fall for his story-like most of the German people fell for Adolph Hitler's in the 1930s. Hitler made the Jews a scapegoat, while the Skinheads blame anybody who isn't white and protestant. Of course, there is more to it. The film shows the Skinheads acting like terrorists; that is, they are disempowered people, young adults who think they are fighting for a "cause" and doing something

Introduction Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a serious psychiatric illness that is characterized by certain characteristics including an impairing and distressing mental preoccupation with a defect in appearance which is either imagined or merely slight. Individuals that experience this somatoform disorder generally experience extremely impaired functioning in several realms, high rates of suicide attempts and ideation, as well as an overall poor quality of life (Phillips & Pagano, 2006). In addition, the prevalence of BDD is relatively high. Researchers Phillips & Pagano (2006) recognized that the available research examining the effects of pharmacotherapy for individuals with BDD was limited. In response to this limitation, these researchers sought to investigate current and past treatments for BDD using pharmacotherapy and whether these treatments were effective in the alleviation of BDD symptoms. In particular, the researchers described the characteristics of the pharmacotherapy received, examined predictors of treatment with psychotropic medication, determined whether participants revealed their concern

One of the central concerns in Byron's Manfred is the Romantic ideal of independence and the defiance of authority. It is important to understand this as an essential aspect of Manfred and also from the perspective of the Romantic imagination and ethos as a whole. The Romantics and Byron in particular, were opposed to the norms and controls of conventional society and sought a form of independence from constraints. Another central and related theme in this work is 'pride' and the image of the hero who refuses to be subservient to any human or even spiritual authority. Through his poems Byron inspired many other Romantic writers and poets. Manfred exemplifies the belief in human "greatness" and the rejection of any restraints to the human imagination and the possibilities of life. The protagonist in the dramatic poem therefore is a hero in the Romantic tradition who refuses to submit to the demands of circumstance and asserts his independence and uniqueness eve

INTRODUCTION: In psychological terms, fear can be defined as "an intense emotional state caused by specific external stimuli and associated with avoidance, self-defense and escape," and bound together with joy and anger, fear is one of the primary human emotions (Gower, 2003, 167). As opposed to anxiety, fear generally refers to feelings created by tangible and realistic dangers which arise out of proportion to the actual threat, meaning that fear is quite often an unfounded emotional response with no basis in reality. Overall, fear may be brought on by exposure to a traumatic situation, such as participating in war or surviving an automobile accident, or by observing other people expressing fear, such as with an audience reacting to what they see on the screen during the showing of a horror film. Physiologically, when a person experiences fear there occurs numerous changes in the body, including an increased heart rate, rapid breathing, tenseness or trembling of the musc

What is stress? How to deal with stress – and what are the pivotal causes of stress – those are the key questions to be addressed in this paper. But at the outset the emphasis should be on precisely what is stress. In their book, Managing Yourself: How to Control Emotion, Stress, and Time, the trio of Alfred Goodloe, Jane Bensahel and John Kelly discuss stress by first stating that there is no way to avoid stress. Even during sleep, on one level, stressful dreams can and do occur. But it's important to note that stress "...is essential to daily living" (129), and stress can be "extremely pleasant and exciting" when it comes as a result of a business success story or a great sports victory. But when stress results from "fear, severe physical over-exertion, humiliating censure...physical injury, or the death of a loved one," it can be devastating, the authors explain on page 130. On page 130 the authors quote the late Hans Selye (considere

Setting the Tone in "1984": George Orwell's Pessimistic and Disillusioned Perspective to Modern Society The Second World War triggered a series of events and actions that ultimately changed the way different societies viewed the war in general. While the popular belief that wars and conflicts occur because of a nation's or nations' fight for a worthy cause for humanity, there also abound beliefs that wars were simply a product of nations' contesting need for more power, influence, and territory. This was the belief that prevailed in George Orwell's psyche, as he became acquainted and indirectly involved with the wars that occurred within his lifetime, which included the following major wars: the First World War, Second World War, and the Cold War. This was the prevailing belief that was echoed in the novel "1984," wherein he criticized the loss of humanity that results from the dominance of totalitarianism. In fact, Orwell's most f

In Harriet Jacobs story Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl Jacobs presents a first hand account of what it was like to grow up as a slave in the south. Jacobs displays a talent for understanding what readers are curious about with regard to what it was like to be a slave and what it was like to become free from that bondage. She carefully gives credit to those who treated her well and she is honest and forthcoming about those who mistreated her. In reading the works one cannot help but feel anguish as she tells the story of Linda giving up her children to go to freedom and hopefully get them back with her. The entire provides a perfect backdrop to discuss the mistreatment of humans emotionally, physically and morally, while at the same time reminds the reader that even back during thos

The terrorist act of the Twin Towers was indeed a horrible act, and those who were responsible need to be severely punished. However, this event also instilled a fear within many Americans of other such terrorist events in the future. Unfortunately, many times fear is associated with stereotypes and misconceptions. This is what has happened in the United States. Since 9/11, there has been increased negativity and racial slurs and actions generally against Arab-Americans and more specifically against Muslims living in this country. In fact, in January of this year, almost six years after the September 11th event, the Arab American Institute and other key Arab American and Muslim American organizations met with met with the United States Attorney General Alberto Gonzales to request that the federal government help reduce the b

When thinking of the Civil War and the slave issue, one usually thinks of two different factions: the Union and the Confederacy. In simplistic terms, all people in the Union states were against slavery and all people in the Confederate states supported it. However, reality is never that cut-and-dry and simple. For example, the New York Historical Society's exhibit "New York Divided" clearly demonstrates the fallacy of this notion. While in most cases, the North was against the South during the Civil War, some regions of the North clearly showed inconsistencies. New York is included in these places. The residents were divided in their racial beliefs, class structure, economic goals and loyalty to the Union. When the war first broke out, the majority of New Yorkers showed their support. However, there was another group of individuals who had strong cause to find a compromise with the Confederacy if not actually support the South completely. Thi

When C.S. Lewis compared Animal Farm with 1984 Lewis "found Animal Farm the more powerful of the two [novels]" because "wit and humor" are absent from 1984 while these crucial elements of storytelling "are employed with devastating effect" in Animal Farm ("Animal Farm," Notes on Novels, 2006). "The great sentence 'All animals are equal but some are more equal than others' bites deeper than the whole of 1984" Farm ("Animal Farm," Notes on Novels, 2006). However, this characterization of Orwell's 1984 as devoid of humor seems unfair, especially given the bitterly ironic satire of mechanized, modern life and the transparent ways that a corrupt government uses forced propaganda to mold the lives of its citizens. Consider the mandatory physical fitness sessions where the hero Winston Smith is forced to perform required calisthenics to a living

This paper presents a discussion about how one can effectively intervene with a chronically non compliant patient when it comes to medication. The writer explores options and provides suggestions for what a pharmacist and others can do to work with non compliant patients. There were five sources used to complete this paper.

6:00 a.m. – Where am I? I think I remember a terrible accident and a hospital room, and yet here I am, in the middle of a ghetto or something, and everyone is dressed funny. They all have yellow star armbands on, too. They're Jews!!! They all look like they came out of a movie or something. What am I doing here???? When I see myself in a shop window, I look just like them. I'm wearing a long, cloth coat, a felt hat, and I have on an armband, too. It's me, I recognize myself, but my hair is different, and I'm wearing weird clothes. What's going on, I don't understand. 8:00 a.m. – I've wandered around the streets here for hours. I'm not sure where I belong, and I'm confused and alone. Then, I see other children who look like me, and somehow, I feel comforted. I discover I know where I'm going, and this door on the left suddenly feels like home. I run up the stairs and instantly feel warm and safe. This is my home, and it's a home in Poland. I'm a Polish Jewish girl during World War II. I don't know how that can be, but it's where I am right now, and I can feel it in every part of me. 10:00 a