It is not surprising that Arthur Reed is having problems filling his
             temporary summer work positions given that the workers who take these
             positions are given no guarantee about how many hours they will be working,
             were denied benefits, and were required to cover the costs of their own
             equipment and to pay union dues. It would have to be a very poor work
             environment indeed that would make such a job attractive. Reed has in the
             past required temporary workers to be on call for different shifts,
             apparently without compensating them for the time that they have to sit
             around waiting to see if they will be brought into work, making the job
             even less attractive. While there is likely always to be a certain amount
             of turnover in a job that pays relatively badly and involves a lot of hard
             physical labor, there are certainly a number of steps that Reed could take
             All of these steps fall into the category of making the job more
             rewarding: His previous workers have not left for random reasons but rather
             because the rewards offered were simply not sufficient for the work
             required. It is a common flaw of managers to believe that people should
             simply be happy to have a job of any sort and not to be too particular
             about its rewards; workers, of course, have a very different perspective on
             Among the possible steps that Reed can and should take to improve the
             situation for his workers are the following:
            
• The company should provide the steel-toed boots that the workers
             are required to wear. There will of course be a cost to the
             company in doing this, but it will be relatively small (since
             there are only a few temporary workers at a time) and the
             company can spread the cost over time as more workers (with
             different-sized feet!) are hired. It is not reasonable to ask
             ...