The way in which government and politics operate in West European politics
says a lot about the future of the nation. Most Western European systems
are classified as parliamentary because of the fusion of powers between the
executive and legislature. Most are also advanced industrial democracies,
confronting the same fundamental issues of democracy that concern American
The European Union (EU), which was drafted in 1984, concentrated on goals
relating to political unification for Europe (Norton, 2002). The EU called
for a federal-type Western European government, with a two-house
legislature. When examining the effects of the EU on Western European
politics, it is important to look at the roots of its existence. The
beginning of the EU's existence was actually the creation of the
Organization for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC) in 1948. The OEEC
was created to advance the rebuilding of war-torn Europe and to help
distribute American financial aid (Marshall Aid) for Western Europe.
In 1951, France and Germany created the European Coal & Steel Community
(ECSC), which merged the coal and steel industries of the two countries
(Norton, 2002). In 1957, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium
and Luxembourg signed the Treaty of Rome, merging the OEEC and the ECSC
into one economic and common marketâ€"the European Economic Community (EEC).
In 1973, the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Denmark joined the EEC. Greece
followed suit in 1981 and Portugal and Spain in 1986. In 1992, the EEC
became the European Union (EU). In 1995, Austria, Finland, and Sweden
joined. The Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, Slovenia, Latvia,
Lithuania, Estonia, Malta, and Cyprus plan to join in 2004.
In the early 1990s, the EU started working on a Common Foreign and Security
Policy (CFSP) and a Common European Security and Defence Policy (CESDP)
(Norton, 2002). In 1993, the EU combined aspect...