Beowulf is an epic poem written somewhere between 750-1000 A.D. Exact year
is not known because the poem was anonymously written but from what
historians have learned from style of writing and language suggest that it
was written during or after seventh century. The language is a form of
England that is almost impossible to understand today and for this reason
readers usually rely on translations of the work. The language which is
called Old English or Anglo Saxon however has been used skillfully and
creatively to depict various themes in the true poetic style of those days.
Commenting on the language of the poem, critic Heaney Seamus (2000) writes:
"The fact that the English language has changed so much in the last
thousand years means, however, that the poem is now generally read in
translation and mostly in English courses at schools and universities. This
has contributed to the impression that it was written (as Osip Mandelstam
said of The Divine Comedy) "on official paper," which is unfortunate, since
what we are dealing with is a work of the greatest imaginative vitality, a
masterpiece where the structuring of the tale is a elaborate as the
beautiful contrivances of its language. Its narrative elements may belong
to a previous age but as a work of art it lives in its own continuous
present, equal to our knowledge of reality in the present time."
Surprisingly, while the language itself was old, the poetic descriptions
are thoroughly modern. In one scene near the end of the poem, a Geat woman
loudly mourns the death of her beloved hero, Beowulf and the scene is
described in such a way that it appears to be coming from straight from
some modern poet or writer. This aspect of the poem is responsible for
keeping it fresh and young and modern readers can thus relate to it quite
easily. In this particular scene, it is so easy for a modern reader to
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