Dicken's Tale of Two Cities deals extensively with the tragedies and
excesses of the French Revolution, in which the peasantry arose against the
aristocracy. Because the revolution was a war between a farming class and
the upper class, Dickens acquaints its work with the work of farming.
Throughout the book he uses farming imagery to describe the work of the
guillotine and the appearance of the revolutionaries.
At the beginning of the book, Dickens describes the revolution as the
Farmer Death. He speaks throughout the book about the inevitability of the
revolution, and the way it had been gestating and taking seed in the land
and in the hearts of the people long before it came to fruit. In Chapter
One he writes: "It is likely enough that in the rough outhouses of some
tillers of the heavy lands adjacent to Paris, there were sheltered from the
weather that very day, rude carts, bespattered with rustic mire, snuffed
about by pigs, and roosted in by poultry, which the Farmer, Death,had
already set apart to be his tumbrels of the Revolution." (ch 1)
He consistently describes the revolutionaries themselves as
scarecrows. He explains his reasoning behind the metaphor himself,
suggesting that the revolutionaries are scarecrows and that the aristocrats
are the birds that should have learned their lesson and fly away. "Every
wind that blew over France shook the rags of the scarecrows in vain, for
the birds, fine of song and feather, took no warning." (ch. 5) Sure
enough, by the end of the book the scarecrows have risen up and started
killing the birds. " a vast dusky mass of scarecrows heaving to and fro,
with frequent gleams of light above the billowy heads, where steel blades
and bayonets shone in the sun." (ch. 21)
Rather than take a sheerly sympathetic view towards the farmers or
their victims, Dickens seems to keep a certain degree of balance between
them. The f...