In recent years, the cigarette industry has come under attack for a
             variety of issues, including second-hand smoke. It is important to examine
             the effect this second-hand smoke has on non-smokers.
             The use of tobacco "remains the leading preventable cause of death in
             the United States, causing more than 440,000 deaths each year and resulting
             in an annual cost of more the $75 billion in direct medical expenses.
             Nationally, smoking results in more than 5.6 million years of potential
             (http://www.tobaccofreeqc.org/adult/secondhand_smoke.shtml)." People who
             are exposed to secondhand smoke run the risk of dying from the third
             leading cause of preventable death in the United States.
             There are thousands of chemicals, many which are extremely toxic,
             released in tobacco smoke, and this smoke is the only source of most of
             these chemicals. "Some of the smoke is inhaled by the smoker, but a larger
             amount of smoke is released into the air. Two-thirds of the smoke from a
             cigarette is not inhaled by the smoker
             (http://www.tobaccofreeqc.org/adult/secondhand_smoke.shtml)." Secondhand
             smoke (SHS), "sometimes referred to as environmental tobacco smoke (ETS),
             is a mixture of the smoke given off by the burning ends of a cigarette,
             pipe, cigar, bidis, and kreteks (sidestream smoke) and the smoke emitted at
             the mouthpiece and exhaled from the lungs of smokers (mainstream smoke)
             (http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/>)." The smoke inhaled by the smoker contains
             almost the exact same chemicals as found in secondhand smoke, however,
             secondhand smoke may actually contain a higher chemical concentration.
             Secondhand smoke is composed from a "complex combination of more than
             4,000 chemicals, and includes irritants and systemic poisons such as
             hydrogen cyanide, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, ammonia and
             formaldehyde. Secondhand smoke contains "at least 250 chemicals known to
             be toxic or caus...