Argentina was liberated from Spanish rule in 1816, and immediately
after this liberation, a period of political turmoil ensued, with frequent
clashes between liberals and conservatives, and between civilians and the
military (CIA, 2004). This continued for the next century or so, and after
World War II, a long period of authoritarian rule ensued, headed first by
Peron, and then by a military junta that took power in 1986 (CIA, 2004).
Democracy came to Argentina in 1983, and there have been free elections in
the country since then (CIA, 2004).
Argentina is a Southern South American country, and borders the South
Atlantic Ocean; it sits between Chile and Uruguay (CIA, 2004). It has a
total land area of 2,766,890 square kilometres, of which 2,736,690 square
kilometres is land and 30,200 square kilometres water; it is 4400km in
length (CIA, 2004). It has 9665km of land boundaries, the majority of which
(1880km) are with Paraguay (CIA, 2004). In terms of its geography, the
northern half of the country is mostly pampas, which are rich and fertile
areas extremely suitable for agriculture; these lead to the rolling plateau
of Patagonia, which in turn, towards its Southernmost end leads to the
Andes, which run across its south-western border (CIA, 2004).
Argentina, like most South American countries, is rich in natural
resources, including lead, zinc, tin, copper, iron ore, uranium and
petroleum (CIA, 2004). The population - as of July 2003 - was 38,740,807,
with 26.2% of the population under 14 years of age, 63.4% of the population
between 15 and 64 years of age, and 10.4% of the population 65 years and
over (CIA, 2004). The median age of the population is 29 years, 28 years
for males and 29.9 years for females; the population growth rate is 1.05%
(CIA, 2004). The birth rate is 17.47 births/1000 of the population; the
death rate is 7.58 deaths/1000 of the population (CIA, 2004). The
population is mostly - 97% - white (of Spanish and Italian ...