Diabetes is so prevalent in our society that it accounts for at least
             one-sixth of all health care spending (Florence and Yeager, 1999, p. 2835).
             There are two types of diabetes, Type 1, which requires insulin injections
             and usually occurs in younger patients, even children, and Type 2 diabetes,
             which has also been known as "adult-onset" diabetes, which is mainly
             controlled mainly by diet and exercise, and occurs later in life. Both
             types are a form of hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, as two researchers
             note, "Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases with characteristic
             hyperglycemia associated with defects in insulin secretion, insulin action,
             or both" (Florence and Yeager, 1999, p. 2835). In Type 1, the pancreas
             cannot produce insulin, while in Type 2, the body is unable to use the
             insulin produced by the pancreas (Brodsky and Edelwich, 1998, p. 2).
             Diabetes can be quite devastating, and part of the problem is so much of
             Diagnosis of diabetes depends certainly on elevated blood sugar
             levels, but sometimes the levels can be marginal, and so the disease can be
             difficult to diagnose, especially in the early stages. New diagnostic
             criteria were developed in the late 1990s that helped to detect diabetes in
             the earliest stages, rather than simply testing for elevated glucose levels
             in the blood. day, the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is usually based on
             two fasting plasma glucose levels of 126 mg per dL (7.0 mmol per L) or
             higher (Mayfield, 1998). Many physicians were worried these new measures
             would create more diabetes diagnoses, but one researcher states, "However,
             currently one half of the people who have diabetes mellitus according to
             the old criteria have not been diagnosed and may remain undiagnosed for up
             to 10 years. As age increases, so does the likelihood of the disease.
             "The prevalence of diabetes at age 60 is 10 percent, and by age 80 it rises
             ...