The focus of total quality management is on improvement of the
             indirect values of the organization and these come from the qualities of
             trust, responsibility, participation, and harmony and group affiliation.
             Empowerment is one of the greatest concepts that have been thrown up by TQM
             and the view is that employees have to be empowered to make the needed
             changes. The basis of this concept is that most employees need the
             organization just as much as the organization needs them. The leaders among
             the employees also understand that the employees are the most valuable
             assets. Thus there is a concept of participative management in the concept
             of empowerment. It has been shown through different research that there is
             a direct link between employee participation in decision making and job
             satisfaction, motivation and performance. This has been stated by Keighley
             in 1993 that a team which is self-managed would bring about new dimensions
             to the relation between worker-management-organization.
             The method of employee involvement works through small groups of
             employees and they work on trying to find solutions to quality and
             productivity. This is called participative management. This type of teams
             have succeeded in solutions of problems regarding productivity and quality
             while improving the morale and improving job satisfaction. The biggest
             advantage of an empowered organization is that people do not have to be
             told what they should do or should not do. The role of the management is
             changed and they are to encourage and facilitate the team members, to
             enable them to tide over their difficulties in relation to their work and
             to help them to be able to pass over their fear. Yet there is always a fear
             among supervisors of the loss of authority and finally their jobs due to
             any process of ...