Testa and Rolock (date) evaluate the variety of foster care systems available. Ranging from kinship to professional foster care, and several programs in between, the authors detail and score these programs on their effectiveness. They not only effectively present accurate and thought-provoking information regarding the various foster care programs, utilizing the programs available in Cook County, Illinois, but also bring to the forefront the concern for the lack of altruistic care for these children in need of a home.
             With more women entering the workforce, and fewer two-parent homes that meet the income requirements of voluntary family foster care in inner-city areas, where this care is needed most, the professionalization of the foster care system has come to the rescue. This current challenge is likely to continue, in the next century. As such, it's important to investigate the current options, to further promote those that are most effective for the care of the children, by finding the best balance between family altruism and financial incentive. Regular Foster Care (RFC) programs are what most people consider to be traditional foster care. Foster families voluntarily care for children for a small boarding payment each month. The Home of Relative (HMR) program places children in certified homes of relatives, while also paying monthly board payments. Professional Foster Care (PFC) program began in Illinois, in 1994. Participants in the program are "sibling groups of three or more, with at least one of the children (exhibiting) special developmental, behavioral, emotional, or medical needs" (Testa & Rolock, date, p. 114), with foster parents paid an annual salary, plus a monthly boarding stipend. The Sibling Foster Care (SFC) program focuses on finding homes for sibling groups of two or more. Finally, the Urban Foster Care (UFC) program looks to expand foster care in neighborhoods less served, providing tax-free housing sub...