Martin Luther was a German Augustinian monk that developed his theology in the course of a remarkable thirty-four-year career as a professor of scripture at the University of Wittenberg, and in time became the leader of the evangelical reform movement that became the Protestant Reformation (Hendrix 39). The term "Lutheran" originated in the 16th century reform by Martin Luther's Roman Catholic opponents and the term "evangelical" a Greek word meaning "gospel" came to be by Luther's supporters (Gritsch 5538). Scholars have come to an agreement that Luther had arrived at a new understanding of justification by the end of 1518, but have yet to agree on the dating, the location, and the precise content of the 'Reformation discovery' (Hendrix 44). According to Ernst Bizer and Oswald Bayer, Luther arrived at a genuine Reformation theology when "faith was no longer determined by humility but was reoriented toward God's word as promise." (Hendrix 44). Luther's expansion began from 1517 to 1521, happening after his conflicts with the Roman Hierarchy resulted in Luther and his followers to be excommunicated and then lead to the imperial ban, Luther after this expanded his new insights in directions that would support such a reformation (Hendrix 45). In an interview with Luther done by Cajetan in 1518, Luther was asked to question issues of indulgences and penance. "Who decided what power indulgences had and who decided the sacrament of penance actually led to forgiveness of sin and salvation?" Luther appeals with "that the pope was not above but under the word of God" (Galatians 1:8, Hendrix 46 47).
             After Luther introduced this new understanding of the biblical message of salvation he expresses it in three fundamental beliefs which are all closely interlinked. The first one is God's Disinterested Condescension toward Mankind Is the One Path to Sal...