Part I: Introduce Piaget and Vygotsky
             Jean Piaget (1896-1980): Piaget was the first psychologist who made a systematic study of cognitive development (McLeod, Saul, 2009). He was fascinated with why children gave incorrect answers on questions that would require only logical thinking. Piaget demonstrated that children think in much different ways than adults. He believed that cognitive development proceeds through four stages: (1) the sensorimotor stage; (2) the preoperational stage; (3) the concrete operations stage; and (4) the formal operations stage (Cognitive Development). Piaget's contributions include a theory of cognitive child development, detailed observational studies of cognition in children and series of simple test to reveal different cognitive abilities (McLeod, Saul, 2009).
             Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934): Vygotsky's theory stresses the fundamental role of social interaction in the development of cognition (McLeod, Saul, 2007). He strongly believed that community plays the primary factor in the process of "making meaning". His work on cognitive development has become the foundation became the foundation of what has become known as Social Development Theory (McLeod, Saul, 2007).
             Part II: Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development
             Piaget's created what he called a semi-clinical interview that used both psychological and clinical methods. He would begin with asking the children standardized questions and depending on how they answered he would ask them a series of nonstandard questions. Piaget was looking for what he called "spontaneous conviction" so he often asked questions that children neither expected nor anticipated (Jean Piaget). In his studies he noticed there was a gradual progression of intuitive and scientific to social acceptable responses. Piaget theorized that children did this because of social interaction (Jean Piaget).
             In Piaget's view, cognitive developmen...